Obstructive airway
During sleep, relax muscles of the body in general, and this includes a relaxing upper airway muscles, the muscles that help to keep the airway open and facilitate the movement of air to and from the lungs. This relaxation does not usually affect the capacity of the respiratory tract in most people, but that a certain category of people to have the ability to blockage of the airway during sleep, which may be obstructive in whole or in part. Can be explained by the problem when these people in a simple,
That upper airway linseed repeatedly during sleep in full or partial, leading to the interruption of breathing, or breathing ineffective, leading to cuts in their sleep, and this discontinuity in turn lead to increased sleepiness during the day. Defines the total blockage of the airway and breathing interruptions during Alnombannagtaa obstructive breathing while know a narrow airway during sleep, which does not result in complete blockage of the airway increased resistance syndrome upper airway.
And obstructive apnea during sleep is a medical problem known to need medical care, and if neglected, this problem leads to several complications, some of which may threaten the person's life. It affects 2-4% of middle-aged persons, and an estimated 18 million Americans with the interruption of breathing.
Symptoms:
The keys to know the risk of interruption of breathing during sleep are:
Excessive sleepiness during the day or frequent drowsiness, fatigue, and snoring, stop breathing during sleep, and increased breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation (Shargat) and waking up.
Patients with such symptoms are usually middle-aged males who are overweight (obesity), but this disorder may affect people of different ages and both sexes, and even normal-weight. And some patients may have abnormal problems in the nose or throat or any part of the upper airway. And the reader should be aware that alcohol Owalahbub hypnotic increase the number of times and the period of cessation of breathing during sleep in patients with this disorder or who have a susceptibility to infection.
How it affects the airway obstruction to sleep?
When linseed airway during sleep; the patient can not breathe oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, leading to a low level of oxygen and visit the proportion of carbon dioxide in the blood, which in turn alerts the brain to the lack of oxygen and the increase in carbon dioxide in order to restore the lead to Altnfssozlk waking up from sleep for a few moments (2-3 seconds), and each time the patient wakes up the brain sends a signal to upper airway muscles to open the stream; where completed the process of breathing and the return of breathing are often accompanied by loud snoring from the issuance of high or pants. In spite of the importance of waking up repeated scientific re-breathing; However, waking up frequently prevents the patient from getting enough deep sleep and affect the quality of sleep.
What are the consequences of blockage of the airway during sleep?
The first consequences that appear in people with obstructive airway are feeling sleepy in addition to the weakness in the focus and the lack of productive capacity and performance during the period of the day. The consequences of this disorder, ranging from minor symptoms that bother the victim to the big problems that may threaten his life Baktromn the consequences of this disorder the patient's sense of depression, irritability and sexual dysfunction and difficulties in learning and memory problems in addition to sleep at times that the patient does not want to sleep in it. Has been estimated that 50% of patients with sleep apnea suffer from high blood pressure as has been scientifically proven that sleep apnea is one of the direct causes of increased blood pressure. Suffered 50-60% of these patients had weakness in the heart as also suffer from irregular breathing during sleep. If neglected treatment of this disorder, it leads to irregular heart rate, angina and heart attack, or stroke. Proved recently that sleep apnea leads to insulin resistance and diabetes. And because of increased sleepiness, there is a significant increase in accidents as a result of sudden sleep (high rate of exposure to motor vehicle accidents to three times greater in patients with interruption of breathing during sleep compared to private persons), in addition to a deterioration in quality of life.
How is the diagnosis of sleep apnea?
The diagnosis of sleep apnea is not easy and the reason that there are different reasons lead to increased sleepiness during the day. The patient needs to conduct a study to diagnose the disease and determine the severity and gravity.
How to tackle disorder cessation of breathing during sleep?
Treatment plan is developed for each patient individually based on medical history and clinical examination and the results of sleep study.
Fundamental problem in patients with this disorder is clogging the airway, which prevents air from reaching the lungs. Therefore, give the patient oxygen (usually) does not help in such cases because it does not solve the problem of blockage. The drugs (in general) does not improve the situation of these patients.
Treating people with this disorder consists of two parts:
General methods of treatment: There are some things that help to airway obstruction during sleep such as sleeping pills, alcohol and smoking, therefore, must stay away from them. And the Sleeping on the back helps the likelihood of airway obstruction in some patients with snoring, sleep may help on the flank in a an end to this problem. The increase in weight leads to increased risk of interruption of breathing during sleep, so losing weight can help reduce this problem; The lack of only 10% of body weight may lead to effective results at the level of apnea. In most cases, not enough roads for the treatment of this disorder, then the patient requires other means of treatment.
Specific methods of treatment:
Positive air pressure:
The positive air pressure treatment of primary apnea during sleep. The main method of treatment that the patient puts a mask on his face covering the nose, this mask is connected to your pump air under positive pressure. Works as a pillar positive air pressure to prevent blockage of the airway. The technical set the air pressure during a sleep study and uses the minimum pressure which ensures the prevention of airway obstruction, where the patient must use the device each time asleep. This device is small and lightweight (1.5 kg), as it is annoying and most of the patients get used to it after a while.
Dentures:
These tools are the tools of plastic, designed by the dentist and placed in the mouth during sleep to correct the status of the lower jaw to increase the size of the airway. It was found that these tools will help some patients who have closed airway with simple snoring or injured and have no lock in the respiratory tract, and may cause some pain or sensitivity of the mandible in some patients. There are now some ready-made structures that can be installed in the clinic of sleep disorders.
Operations:
We have been developing some surgical operations to increase the size of the airway and then treating the airway closed. The initial surgical treatment for most children with this problem, but the proportion of success of the operation of the adult uneven and depends on the expertise of the medical center and the experience of the wounds. Long-term side effects not yet known, and usually difficult to predict the quality of patients who may succeed with surgical intervention. It is essential that patients know that the surgery may reduce snoring; but they may not solve the problem of closed airway, so it must to all patients to undergo a sleep study for one night after the operation. Vary from surgical operations under general anesthesia to the use of laser or thermal waves in frequent meetings at the clinic.
Steps that follow them are advised to help users of the positive air pump (CPAP) to adapt to the device:
Use the device and you are awake for an hour a day, and practice breathing through the mask.
Use the device through Qiloltk in the middle of the day, is usually cope during this time was better than at night.
Use the device through the first three hours of sleep at night.
Use the device for more hours at night so you can use it throughout the night.
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