Vitamin D:
Vitamin D, is the organizer of the basic body of the balance of calcium. Help to provide the bone mineral and the development of the skeleton. The index of hormones and does not have the same hormones in any activity, although it is possible to be transferred to the molecule with the activity of hormones.
Uses:
Vitamin D helps in: the formation of blood cells, immunity, and help distinguish the cells, may reduce the toll of the risk of cancer.
Vitamin D has shown its ability to provide protection from immune diseases such as arthritis, immune or multiple sclerosis, diabetes and children.
Vitamin D helps the body to maintain the necessary levels of insulin in the blood. There are vitamin D receptors in the pancreas, where insulin is produced. Capsules alternatives may increase the secretion of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes.
Vitamin D is used in the following cases:
- Crohn's Disease
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Osteoporosis
- Rickets (osteomalacia).
The extent to which contributes to vitamin D to help reduce bone loss and fractures in the elderly is still not certain, however, some studies indicate that it was useful in these cases.
Advanced research refers to the possible use of vitamin D will also assist in seasonal depression, bilateral cochlear deafness, increased resistance to seizures, and help with multiple sclerosis and acquired Pocket patient.
Vitamin D deficiency:
Vitamin D deficiency in adults may cause, rickets and is osteoporosis (Osteomalacia). This situation usually treated Bmawwadat calcium and vitamin D. The osteoporosis should be diagnosed and treated by a specialist. Bone formation may occur in those with abnormal vitamin D deficiency. The shortfall is more common in winter in terms of getting sunlight is difficult. Cases of vitamin D deficiency is also common in the contaminated areas too, where I can block UV rays.
Strict vegetarians, alcoholics, those with liver disease or kidney, and brown-skinned people, are more to vitamin D deficiency. People with liver disease or kidney produce vitamin D, but not Inctonh.
Alofradalven suffering from intestinal malabsorption generally have vitamin D deficiency. Those who are and have the function of the pancreas is not sufficient, such as cystic fibrosis or inflammation of the pancreas, or are infected with hyperthyroidism, often have vitamin D deficiency.
The recommended dose:
Vitamin D, which is in the form of supplements (capsules) can be accessed like vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) or like vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol). Capsules containing multi-vitamin (Multivitamins) is usually the dose of vitamin D generally recommended 200-400 EUR (international units), or 5-10 mg, every day. 400 EUR vitamins found in grains before and after birth.
The elderly and people with malabsorption syndromes, and liver failure, and renal syndrome, take supplements containing 50,000 EUR, or 1,250 micrograms, a week for a period of eight Ospaabie.
These treatments must be arranged under the supervision of a doctor.
Vitamin B2:
Alraipovlavi or vitamin B-2 and is a vitamin is soluble in water from the group B vitamins.
Importance Alraipovlavi works with other B vitamins. This vitamin is important for the growth of the body and the production of red blood cells, and helps to release energy from carbohydrates. It is important for energy production and functions of enzymes and the composition of amino acids and fatty acids and the production of glutathione, a sweeping of the free ions Free Radicals.
Sources:
Light meat, eggs, nuts, legumes, leafy green vegetables, dairy, milk. Normally are supported bread and cereals fortified with vitamin B-2. Care should be taken to store food in glass vessels vulnerable to the sun and the fact that vitamin B-2 fragments due to exposure to light.
Side effects:
Vitamin B-2 is not common in the developed world, because of added in large quantities to food.
Lack of activity of enzymes weakens Alraipovlavi Alflavobrotinip participate in the metabolism of mammals such as the enzyme alpha-amino acid oxidase alpha amino acid oxidase in the disarmament process of the Secretary-group of amino acids and Zantin oxidase enzyme xanthine oxidase in the degradation of purine Soksenat dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase in the citric acid cycle.
Symptoms of severe shortages appear in the form of sore throat, sore mouth and mucous membranes and sores in the lips, anemia, skin disorders, sore solid (in the eye) and light sensitivity with a weak optical activity. The lack of Alraipovlavi usually accompanied by a Balblajra.
There is no known toxic effect of vitamin B-2. Because it is soluble vitamins in any excessive amount Alma graduated from the body with the urine.
Required daily intake:
Individual [Sorry, the registered members with active membership are only authorized them see the link. ] [Sorry, the registered members with active membership are authorized only to see their links. ] (Mg) (mg) and children born of
Birth to age 3 years 0.4-0.80.3-0.74 to 6 years to 10 years 10/01/1997 1.21-1.3 adolescent and adult males 1.4-1.81-1.6 adolescent and adult females 1.2-1.31-1.1 1.61.1-pregnant females 1.4 female nursing 1.7-1.81.4-1.5
The requirement for additional quantities:
The following cases the body needs to make an additional quantity of vitamin B 2, are:
* Alcoholism
* Burns
* Cancer
* Persistent diarrhea
* Persistent fever
* Infections
* Gastro-intestinal diseases
* Liver disease
* Hyperthyroidism
* Surgical removal of stomach
* Stress the continuing
Vitamin B-2 is also given for infants with high levels of bilirubin in the blood (Heberbelieropenemea).
Contrary to what is common, has not been proven medically that vitamin B-2 effective in the treatment of acne and certain types of anemia, headaches and muscle cramps. Vitamin is available in the form of tablets to take by mouth and is displayed without a prescription. If that person takes more than makes vitamin will present the body with urine.
Contraindications:
Must be wary of poor consumption of vitamin B-2 in the following cases:
* Allergies
* Pregnancy - of crucial importance that a pregnant mother you enough vitamins and continue to get the correct amount of vitamins throughout pregnancy. Growth and development of the embryo depends on the continued availability of nutrients from the mother. But getting access to very high doses during pregnancy may constitute a danger to the mother and / or fetus.
* Breast-feeding, it is also important to get the amount of vitamins Alkaviy to ensure that the baby also needs vitamins to grow properly. Consuming large amounts of vitamin D during the period of breast-feeding may pose a threat to the health of the mother and / or child.
Vitamin C:
Vitamin C is ascorbic acid derivative of glucose in plants and most mammals except primates, including rights as a result of the absence of the enzyme L Jlenolambron L-gulonolactone required to manufacture the vitamin.
Of vital importance:
Ascorbic acid reducing agent, and so he wanted to save the state minerals, such as reducing iron and copper +2 +2 and so it enhances the absorption of iron by keeping it in the case for reducing the absorption of iron.
The acid is also required to Uncomment the hydroxyl group to Albroolel and Allisil (proline and lysine) and the Wiesel Binzimi Breaulil hydroxylase, respectively, prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase during the process of manufacturing collagen Collagen.
It is also required for the demolition of the amino acid tyrosine tyrosine during the manufacture of the hormone adrenaline adrenaline. Acid is important in the manufacture of bitter acids to bile acids that is required in addition to the hydroxyl carbon atom 7 - alpha.
It contains the adrenal gland cortex large amounts of acid to be used in the manufacture of steroidal hormones (such as cortisone and aldosterone). It can act as an antidote to the ascorbic acid oxidation through the reduction of Altokoverol oxidation in the membranes and prevent the formation of Alnitrozzominac during digestion.
Side effects:
Vitamin C is a result of the small intestine diseases and addiction to alcohol and smoking, and sometimes rely on fast foods and limit the intake of Al_khasrawat and fruit. This lack leads to scurvy scurvy is linked to missing configuration of collagen and thus the disease is characterized by:
Swelling of the gums and loosening teeth and may fall, and bleeding under the skin Subcutaneous hemorrhages and delayed wound healing and anemia simple and vulnerability and shortness of breath and bone pain in the late stages of the yellow and swelling in and lack of urination can be found neurological diseases, fever and convulsions, and ultimately can lead to death.
The case of scurvy was common among sailors in the winter which deals with handling vegetables and fruit or treatment with vitamin C, whether in the form of tablets or injections. This can continue stored amount of vitamin C in the body for 3-4 months before symptoms of scurvy.
Vitamin A:
Vitamin E is a family of compounds are soluble in fat and which plays an important role in vision, bone growth, reproduction, cell division, differentiation and cell phone (and which a cell becomes part of the brain, or muscle, or lungs, etc.)..
Vitamin E helps to regulate the immune system, which helps to prevent or repel the injuries and that the production of white blood cells that destroy harmful bacteria and viruses. Vitamin A also helps lymphocytes, and is a type of white blood cells to fight infections more efficiently.
Will create a vitamin A surface linings of the eyes and health systems, breathing and urination, and gastro-intestinal [8]. When you break these bushings, it is bacteria entering the body and cause infection easier. Vitamin E helps to maintain the integrity of the skin, too, and mucous membranes, and which also act as a deterrent to bacteria and viruses.
Retinol Retinol is the form most active, or the most commonly used, forms of vitamin A, found in animal food such as liver and whole milk. Retinol is also called vitamin A problem, and for it can be converted to acid or retinoic Reetenal Retinal Retinoic, and are confused about different dynamic to the family of any vitamin.
Brofitmin any Alkorotini Provitamin A Carotenoids cause some resemblance to the dark pigments and are found in plant foods, and it can be turned into vitamin A. In the United States, 26% and 34% of vitamin A consumed by men and women, respectively, the source is any Brofitmin Alkorotini. Carotenoids commonly found in food are beta-carotene beta-carotene, alpha carotene alpha-carotene, lutein lutein, Zyaksntin zeaxanthin, lycopene lycopene, and Kraeptoxantin cryptoxanthin. Of the 563 type of beta carotene that have been distinguished, less than 10% produces vitamin. Among them, beta carotene, which turned to a very high efficiency retinol. Alpha-carotene and beta Kraeptoxantin Iholan also vitamin A, but half the efficiency of beta-carotene. Korotinat lycopene, lutein, and Zyaksntin no activity of vitamin E, but they have other health فائد. It is necessary to consumption of fruits and vegetables rich Balkorotinat because of its benefits to the body.
Other carotenoids in addition to her work as a source of vitamin A, has proved that it works Kmanat oxidation in laboratory experiments. This role does not appear within the human body. Antioxidants protect cells from free radicals, which damage is incidental to the process output and oxygen metabolism that may contribute to some chronic diseases. Sources of vitamin E
Sources of vitamin E:
Retinol is found in animal food such as eggs full, milk, and liver. Fat-free milk and milk powder must be provided with vitamin iPhone to replace the amount lost process of removing fat. Fortified foods such as fortified breakfast cereals provide vitamin. Albroovaeetmin any Alkorotini also available in fruits and vegetables with dark colors. According to official statistics, the staple food for the provision of retinol in American society is the milk, margarine, eggs, beef liver, cereals, ready to eat subsidized, while the food of providing Albroovaeetmin any Alkorotini are islands | islands melon | melon, potatoes Habatata sweet, spinach .
Animal sources of vitamin A is absorbed easily and efficiently used by the body is very high. While plant sources of vitamin A have the same capacity of animal vitamins absorption. Tables 1 and 2 provide sources of vitamin.
Table 1: Sources of animal selected for vitamin E
Article Algmaiipvitamen Aye (IU) ratio Aleomipqaibd cow, cooked, 3 ounces 27.185545 liver, chicken, cooked, 3 ounces 12.325245 milk, fortified with scraped, cup 150 010 cheddar cheese, Owens 12846 whole milk (3.25% fat), Cup 12 495 alternative eggs, ¼ cup 2265
Table 2: Plant sources of vitamin E selected in the form of beta carotene
Article Algmaiipvitamen AYE (IU) ratio Aleomipaser Islands, canned, ½ cup 22.567450 carrots, boiled, ½ cup 13.418270 spinach, frozen, boiled, ½ cup 11.458230 turnips, frozen, boiled, ½ cup 9.558190 islands, fresh (7 ½ inches) 8 0.666175 vegetable soup, canned, chopped, ready for submission, Cup 15.820115 melon, one cup 5.411110 spinach, fresh, cup apricot 12.81355 crust, juice pack, ½ cup peach juice 2.06340, canned, ½ cup Papaya 1.65135, 11.53230 Cup Mango, Spare Cup 11.26225 Chauvin crushed, supported, 11.25225 cup peas, frozen, boiled, ½ cup tomato juice 1.05020, canned, 6 ounces 81915 peach, canned, juice pack, ½ cup 47 310 peach, fresh, grain 3196 Pepper, Fresh Sweet Red, 3136
Lack of vitamin A:
Vitamin A deficiency is a common factor among developing countries, but rare in the United States. Blind each year between 250,000 to 500,000 children due to malnutrition in the developing world due to lack of any vitamin. In the United States, Lack of vitamin A is due to compliance with strict food restrictions in most cases and consumption of large amount of alcohol. Zinc acute shortage of zinc, and which is linked to the strict diet, is associated with a lack of vitamin A in most cases. Zinc is very important for the manufacture of proteins Rinitol association of retinol binding protein, which summarize the b (RBP), this protein is the transfer of any vitamin. And by the lack of zinc reduces the body's ability to fill the stores vitamin A in the liver and transported to body tissues.
Asho or night-blindness is one of the first signs of vitamin A deficiency. Was known in ancient Egypt, that Asho night can be treated by eating liver, which is a rich source of vitamin, of course, the Egyptians did not know this reasoning. Contribute to lack of vitamin A in the blind eye and the cornea due to drought and the destruction of retina and cornea.
Vitamin A deficiency reduces the ability to resist infection. In countries that suffer from widespread vitamin D deficiency which millions of children die annually due to complications of infectious diseases such as measles. In individuals who suffer from a lack of vitamin A, the cells lose that line the lungs ability to remove micro-organisms that cause disease. This may contribute to lung injury associated with the same lack of any vitamin.
There is growing interest in forms of sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency, which are described such as levels of low storage of vitamin A that do not cause symptoms of a deficiency in public. This degree of moderate vitamin A deficiency may increase the risk of respiratory diseases in children, or decrease the rate of growth they have, the slow development of the device have a bone, and reduce the chances of survival from serious diseases.
Shortage may Itskl due to the loss of vitamin during any chronic diarrhea and through a lack of quantity take with food.
Exhausted the amount of alcohol entering the body stores any vitamin. And diet containing the alcohol content does not provide the body amounts recommended by the vitamin. And any additional vitamin pills may not be issued to individuals who are addicted to alcohol because their livers may be more vulnerable to the possibility of poisoning from high doses of vitamin A. Doctor will need to assess the situation and decide the amount of vitamin overtime.
Vitamin P:
Job:
Plays an important role in maintaining the strength and cardiovascular health.
Helps the body to eliminate inflammation
Increases the effectiveness of vitamin C
Source:
Citrus - orange rind - buckwheat - Raisins Black - Briar
Vitamin B1:
Thiamin (thiamin) is the scientific name of what was formerly known as vitamin B-1 and should not be confused with thymine (thymine), a nitrogenous base.
And is one of the B vitamins complex soluble in water. Thiamin was isolated and identified chemically in the Roaring Twenties, Hithi was one of the first organic compounds that are classified as vitamins.
Thiamine is very important for a number of vital tasks in the body, including:
* The performance of the nervous system and muscle
* The flow of electrolyte to and from the neuron and muscle (through ion channels)
* Of different enzymes (through Konzzim Pyrophosphate Thiamine)
Carbohydrate Metabolism *
* The production of hydrochloric acid (necessary for digestion).
And because there is a very tiny amount of thiamine stored in the body, it can happen fast depletion does not exceed 14 days.
And the active thiamine is thiamine phosphate binary is working as needing enzyme (Koinzim) in the disarmament process, carboxyl (in Alkatocalotharat pyruvate pyruvate and ketoglutarate) In additions Alkatol transketolation pathways in the metabolism of carbohydrates and possibly nerve conduction processes (vitamin needed to form acetylsalicylic Colin).
Thiamine deficiency:
Lack of acute and chronic thiamine lead to complications may pose a great threat to the nervous system, brain, muscle, heart, stomach and intestines. Have been recorded since the effects of thiamine deficiency 2600 years BC in ancient Chinese texts, where called at the time the phrase "beriberi."
Beriberi had been divided into three sub-types:
* Dry beriberi refers to neuromuscular complications such as peripheral neuropathy and weakness.
* Wet beriberi and refers to the complications such as heart failure in heart muscle (beriberi type Shuxin)
* Beriberi cerebral refers to the complications of the central nervous system (brain) such as acquired brain damage (Wernicke's encephalopathy), movements appointed unusual / mental disorders, or blah-Korsakov (Korsakoff syndrome), lethargy, confusion, and the deficit of memory and forgetfulness, and inability to learn . And may lead to the Federation of thiamine deficiency diseases known collectively as the former syndrome Ferenc - Korsakov.
Finding of thiamine may result in not getting enough of it by eating food, or increase the quantity required thiamine in the body, or excessive loss of body thiamine. Can also be produced due to consumption of anti-thiamine in the food.
Individuals who may be at risk of thiamine deficiency are:
* Alcoholics
* Patients receiving intravenous feeding (total feed Barienteral) for more than 7 days without the presence of vitamins or thiamine.
* Dialysis patients.
Associated with beriberi in the Middle thiamine poor food rich in carbohydrates such as rice paddies, therefore, is endemic in Indonesia and some parts of Asia. It affects the circulatory system and muscular, nervous and digestive tract. Early symptoms of Barre Barre include stress, dizziness, loss of appetite and poor concentration and mental diseases of peripheral nerves. There have been only cases known to increase thiamine by injection Balthiamin.
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