Crohn's Disease
Crohn's Disease Crohn `s Disease rare disease, but painful, is a type of inflammatory diseases of the digestive system Inflammatory Bowel Disease, lead to lesions affecting the digestive system in children from the mouth to the anus, usually occurs after the age of ten for no apparent reason, in the form of the pain of frequent and severe abdominal diarrhea, and may be accompanied by a rise in temperature, and bleeding from the anus, there may be confusion in the diagnosis of abdominal pain, where a process appendicitis where it is believed the cause of the pain, the disease is a chronic disease is not malignant diseases, has named after Dr. Dr.Crohn, who described the situation in 1932.
What are the reasons?
The cause is unknown, but believed that it occurs as a result of non-specific infections, or be one of autoimmune diseases
Is it a genetic disease?
The existence of a state in the family more than likely happen to others, which makes a major role of heredity, but it is not clear
What is the life expectancy of a disease?
Usually appears after the age of ten and before the age of five and twenty years of age
Where the disease occurs?
o Crohn's disease affects the part of the digestive tract - the tube tract - from mouth and the end of the end of the large intestine - rectum
o affects all layers of the intestine, beginning at the five interior lining and finished outer membrane of the intestines
o disease usually affects limited portions of the intestine, leaving other parts without injury resulting in a disease in the mobile parts of the intestine
o affects the small intestine only in 15% of patients
o affects the large intestine only in 2% of patients
o the end of the small intestine and the beginning of the large intestine is the place to start the disease in most cases
o enlarged lymph nodes on that part of the intestine of infected
o There may be effects outside the digestive system such as the eyes, joints, skin, urinary system.
Symptoms:
o chronic condition, but may occur severe setbacks
o abdominal pain - 80-90% of cases
o diarrhea and swelling in the abdomen - 80-90% of cases
o the flow of blood with feces 10-15%
o pain in the anus 15-20%
o Sididip discharge from the anus, anal fistula
o obstruction 5-10%
o temperature rise 30-35%
o weight loss of 50-60%
o anemia, blood clotting 50%
o mouth ulcers, anal
o symptoms outside the digestive system, such as:
1. Eye infections
2. Arthritis
3. Hepatitis
4. Rash erythema nodosum
5. Stones in the urinary system
In is it diagnosed?
It is not easy to diagnose the situation since the first moment of the scarcity of the situation, but a specialist of the digestive system through the medical history, conducting some tests, capable of diagnosis, and these tests:
o Analysis of Blood - anemia, high white blood cells, deposition of high blood ESR
o lack of proteins in the blood, the lack of metal
o stool analysis - there is blood in the stool
o colored rays of the digestive system Barium-a blockage in the intestine
o CT CT scan, MRI and MRI
o colonoscopy - a diagnostic
o Voice-ray of the kidneys - kidney stone
o camera capsule Capsule endoscopy, a new technology, used in some situations when a colonoscopy is not successful, where the patient swallowing a capsule containing a camera, which provides coverage of the digestive system from the inside, and sending images to the computer, and then graduated with a stool
Principals of the digestive system:
o The introduction of specialist gastrointestinal endoscope under local anesthesia
o telescope to explore the upper pharynx and stomach
o telescope to explore the lower colon
o through the telescope can see the lesions in the wall of the throat or colon - large intestine are able
o will also take small samples by forceps special examination in the laboratory, in turn, a final diagnosis of the situation
What is the difference between the lesions colon ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease?
o infections often in the rectum and colon
o continuous and sustained inflammation in a particular area
o only superficial infections
o There is no blockages in the intestines
What is the treatment?
o No medical treatment of the situation
o the disease usually have bouts of apathy and bouts of relapse
o The purpose of treatment is to reduce the incidence of relapses of the child to live in comfort and sleep
o rest in bed during the reversal of the disease
o food regulation
o treatment of diarrhea
o laxatives
o Mahbtat pain
o anti-inflammatory medicines
o drugs work on the immune system Thbit
o Antibiotics
o Surgery: Surgery can be performed in cases of bowel obstruction, but the problem in the recurrence of the blockage, and if repeat surgery may lead to the short intestine, and absorption, and lack of food, and lack of growth
Anti-inflammatory medicines Antiinflammatory medications
o Vehicles 5-ASA, such as Asalafasalazen Sulphasalazin, which work directly on the area of inflammation
o Mesalamine (Asacol, Rowasa)
o Corticosteroids Corticosteroids, and work indirectly to reduce inflammation, but the wrong side effects
Drugs which Thbit the immune system Immune system suppressors
o Ozuthberin - Omiuran Azathioprine (Imuran), mercaptopurine (Purinethol, and need for a long time to show effect of up to three months
o Onfelximab Infliximab: Ramekid Ramicade, a single-source antibody (monoclonal) Monoclonal Antibodies, and is used in cases of Crohn's disease medium to severe, which had not responded to other treatments
o Adahlmyomab Adalimumab (Humira)
o Methotrexate Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)
o Sichaelospourin Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Antibiotics
o Filagel metronidazole (Flagyl)
o Alcyprovluxacelin ciprofloxacin (Cipro
The patient and how to deal with nutrition?
Important problems in patients with Crohn's disease is the effect of food on the situation, as a lack of nutrition, is a complex problem varies from person to person, body thus advised to consult a dietitian, and points of interest:
o food high in protein and calories
o low-fat diet, fat absorption difficult and lead to swelling of the abdomen
o diet low in fiber - fiber that increases the pain in the presence of bowel obstruction
o Food few dairy products, may lead to problems, especially in the presence of non-absorption of lactose, lactose intolerant
o the patient can know the foods that lead to problems, and then avoided
o eating multiple small meals instead of few big meals
o increase the amount of fluid
o treatment of anemia and lack of minerals and salts
o iron and vitamins especially Vitamin B-12
o Calcium and vitamin D vitamin D
0 commentaires